1 Incisive bone (premaxillary) | 2 Nasal bone | 3 Maxillary bone | 4 Mandible |
5 Orbit | 6 Frontal bone | 7 Temporal fossa | 8 Atlas (first cervical vertebra) |
9 Axis (2nd cervical vertebra | 10 Cervical vertebrae (7 inc. Atlas and Axis) |
11 Scapular spine | 12 Scapular cartilage |
13 Scapula | 14 Thoracic vertebrae (18 of these) |
15 Lumbar vertebrae (6 of these |
16 Tuber sacrale |
17 Sacral vertebrae (5 fused together - sacrum) |
18 Coccygeal vertebrae | 19 Shoulder joint | 20 Ribs (18) |
21 Costal arch | 22 Tuber coxae | 23 Ilium | 24 Pubis |
25 Hip joint | 26 Femur (greater trochanter) |
27 Tuber ischii | 28 Ischium |
29 Femur, third trochanter | 30 Femur | 31 Humerla tuberosity, lateral | 32 Humerus |
33 Sternum | 34 Olecranon | 35 Costal cartilages | 36 Femoral trochlea |
37 Stifle joint | 38 Patella | 39 Elbow joint | 40 Ulna |
41 Radius | 42 CArpus | 43 Metacarpus | 44 Fetlock joint |
45 Coffin joint | 46 Accessory carpal bone | 47 Small metarcarpal bone (splint bone) |
48 Proximal sesamoid |
49 First phalanx | 50 Distal phalanx | 51 Tibia | 52 Talus (tibial tarsas bone) |
53 Small Metatarsal (splint bone) |
54 Metatarsus | 55 Pastern joint | 56 Fibula |
57 Calcaneus (fibular tarsal) |
58 Tarsus | 59 Middle Phalanx (2nd phalanx) |
1. Rectus Capitus Lateralis: allows the head to flex and incline side to side.
2. Splenius: allows the neck to bend.
3. Multifidus Cervicus (Deep): allows the neck to flex and the head to rotate to the opposite side.
4. Brachiocephalicus: permits the neck to bend, and move the shoulder forward.
5. Trapezius/Rhomboids (Deep): allows the shoulder to raise, and permits the scapula to draw upward, forward and backward.
6. Supraspinatus (Deep): permits the shoulder joint to extend.
7. Infraspinatus (Deep): allows the foreleg to rotate outward.
8. Deltoid: permits the shoulder joint to extend.
9. Tricep: permits the shoulder joint to flex.
10. Bicep and Anterior Pectoral: permits the foreleg to extend.
11. Serratus Thoracis: allows the trunk to be at the proper level when legs are planted.
12. Posterior Pectoral: allows the foreleg to draw backward.
13. Extensor Capri Radialis: permits the foreleg to bend and flex.
14. Latissimus Dorsi: permits lateral bending.
15. Longissimus Dorsi: allows the back to extend, and permits lateral bending.
16. Intercostal: supports the ribcage and aids in respiration.
17. Oblique: allows the hind leg to draw under.
18. Rectus Abdominus: supports the back.
19. Gluteus: allows forward movement and hind end action.
20. Semimembranosus: permits the hock to extend.
21. Semitendinosus: permits the hip and the hock to extend.
22. Bicep Femoris: allows for extension of the hind leg, hip and hock, and bends the stifle.
23. Tensor Fascia Latae: allows the stifle to extend and the hip to flex.
24. & Fascia Latae: allows the stifle to extend and the hip to flex.
25. Long Digital Extensor: permits the hind leg to flex.
http://www.red-horse.biz/Hauptpunkte/tendon_injuries.html
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/06/070611134032.htm
http://www.ourspace.tepapa.com/media/365
http://www.fallight.com/entry/Horse-Conformation
Horse Conformation: Structure, Soundness, and Performance by Equine Research and Sherrie Engler : 사진도 많고 아주 설명이 잘 되어 있다. 입문서, 참고서로 쓰기에 훌륭함.
The Horse in Motion: The Anatomy and Physiology of Equine Locomotion by Sarah Pilliner, Samantha Elmhurst, and Zoe Davies : 이해하기 다소 힘들다. 마필 게이트별 운동원리가 설명되어있음.
Trackback URL : 이 글에는 트랙백을 보낼 수 없습니다
Trackback RSS : http://www.fallight.com/rss/trackback/796
Trackback ATOM : http://www.fallight.com/atom/trackback/796
-
Front End Conformation
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/11 00:08Front End Conformation An Analysis by Liz Graves Front End One Front End Two Front End Three Understanding front-end conformation should be an important consideration in evaluating any horse before asking it to start working. The front end is important...
-
Judge These Yearlings' Conformation
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/11 00:09Judge These Yearlings' ConformationEvaluate and place these reining-bred long yearlings in your order of preference. Then see how your choices compare with our expert judge's. By Steve Heckaman Balance is important, regardless of the horse's intended u...
-
Tennessee Walking Horse STRUCTURE
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/11 00:09TWH STRUCTURE Dr. Doyle G. Meadows, Professor University of Tennessee Conformation of the Tennessee Walking Horse is directly related to skeletal structure. It includes the bones and ligaments which bind the bones together to form joints. The skeletal...
-
Equine Conformation
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/11 00:10Equine Conformation Part 1Equine Anatomy - The Head, Neck and Body By Jayne Pedigo There is no such thing as the perfect horse...However, by being knowledgable about the finer points of equine anatomy and conformation, you can find a horse that is more...
-
Conformation Clinic: Thoroughbred Mares
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/11 00:10Conformation Clinic: Thoroughbred MaresEvaluate and place these 3-year-old Thoroughbred mares in your order of preference, then see how your choices compare with an expert judge's. By Rob Meneely Basically, I look for overall balance first. A well-bala...
-
Horse Conformation
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/11 00:10Conformation Components Excerpt from Horse for Sale, How to Buy a Horse or Sell the One You Have by Cherry Hill © 1995 Balance A well-balanced horse has a better chance of moving efficiently with less stress. Balance refers to the relationship between...
-
Conformation Clinic: Test Your Eye for Horse Conformation
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/11 00:11Test Your Eye for Horse ConformationEvaluate and place these three geldings in your order of preference, then see how your choices compare to our expert judge's. Plus, learn how to get your horse into Horse & Rider magazine's next Conformation Clin...
-
Conformation Clinic: Aged Arabian Mares
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/11 00:11Conformation Clinic: Aged Arabian MaresEvaluate and place these aged Arabian mares in your order of preference. Then see how your choices compare to our expert judge's. By Michael Damianos As someone who rides performance horses, I'll always prefer a h...
-
Conformation Clinic: Quarter Horse Geldings
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/11 00:11Conformation Clinic: Quarter Horse GeldingsEvaluate and place these 3- and 4-year-old Quarter Horse geldings in your order of preference. Then see how your choices compare to our expert judge's. By Darrell Bilke I look at balance, eye appeal and breed...
-
Catapult Mechanism Animation
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/11 00:12Catapult Mechanism Animationfrom the Royal Veterinary College. forelimb.dcr http://www.rvc.ac.uk/SML/documents/catapult.htm A catapult action for rapid limb protraction.pdfNature Vol. 421 (2003년 1월)자 기사를 참조할 것.Native Dancer는 은퇴..
-
Tennessee Walking Horses Conformation
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/12 03:39Tennessee Walking Horses generally range from 14.3 to 17 hands and weigh 900 to 1200 pounds. The modern Tennessee Walking Horse possesses a dry, pretty head with small, well placed ears. The horse has a long sloping shoulder, a long sloping hip, a fair...
-
The Horse’s Back and BTB
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/02/25 14:33The Horse’s Back and BTB<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> There are some things that, once said, seem so fundamentally obvious that you have to wonder why they aren’t uppermost in your mind all the time and..
-
Neck Movement (Kinematics) of the Horse
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/03/09 00:58Neck Movement (Kinematics) of the Horse byJames Rooney, D.V.M. Observations were made on the movement of the cervical vertebrae of the horse. There appears to be little relevant literature other than that of Demeter (1916), Smith (1921), Rooney (1969),...
-
Rear End Conformation
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/04/28 13:34Rear End Conformation An Analysis by Liz Graves Rear End One Rear End Two Rear End Three When evaluating a horses’ hindquarters we must first understand the importance of its function to the horses body. The hindquarters are “the power source” for forw...
-
Rear End Conformation B
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/04/30 19:52Rear End Conformation An Analysis by Lee Ziegler Rear End One Rear End Two Rear End Three While front end conformation determines more how a horse will perform a gait than which gait he will do well, rear end conformation gives a good clue as to which...
-
What Makes My Walker Different?
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/07/15 13:35What Makes My Walker Different? by Rose Miller(reprinted from August 1993)© Copyright 1999, Voice of the Tennessee Walking Horse, Lewisburg, Tennessee Tennessee walking horses do possess one rather unique difference from most other horses. Stated simpl...
-
햄스트링 Hamstring 대퇴사두근 (Quadriceps femoris)
Tracked from fallight.com 2008/07/30 18:06<Hamstring 이란?> <왜 Hamstring 부상이 자주일어나는가?> <햄스트링 부상 부위와 치유> <Hamstring 이란?> 인간의 허벅지를 보면 앞쪽의 근육근과 뒤쪽의 근육근이 있습니다. 앞쪽을 Quadriceps femoris(대퇴사두근) 라고 하여 Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius입니다. 뒤쪽은 Ha...